World Autism Awareness Day - April 2

Autism is one of the five subtypes of pervasive developmental disorders. This condition is believed to be caused by abnormal nervous system activities, which limit or distort developmental capabilities in terms of language, behavior, and conduct. Below are insights shared by psychological experts from University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City regarding the causes, signs, care, and treatment for children with autism.

Causes and risk factors of autism in children?

Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the causes of autism. Theorists holding a socio-cultural perspective argue that stress, pressure, disorder, and deviation in family and social life are the main causes of autism in children.

Meanwhile, psychobiological theorists suggest that the primary cause of autism is neuropsychological dysfunction. From birth, these children lack the capacity for abstract thought. This condition is directly related to certain physiological and physical impairments experienced by the child while still in the womb.

Experts from a biological perspective have concluded through multiple studies that genetic factors clearly play a certain role in autism. This perspective also focuses on adverse conditions during pregnancy and childbirth affecting children with autism.

Signs of autism?

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), to diagnose autism, a child must exhibit at least 6 problems across 3 core areas: deficits in social interaction capabilities, impaired responsiveness; along with restricted, stereotyped, and repetitive patterns of behavior, activities, interests, and conduct.

How should children with autism be cared for and treated?

The most official and appropriate treatment setting remains the family environment where the child with autism lives. This is a convenient, constant, and cost-effective treatment setting. The second ideal environment is the school, supported by a fully trained team of experts and supporting staff. Proper techniques and a favorable environment, combined with informed love, can help children with autism make progressive improvements in language, communication, and various other aspects of life.

There are numerous therapies used in the treatment of autism, including: Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT), Discrete Trial Training (DTT), Joint Attention therapy, nutritional modification, chiropractic care, etc.

These therapies are selected and combined by specialists depending on the child's condition and physical strength, as well as family circumstances. An important note is that regardless of the chosen treatment method, the affection, dedication, persistence, and understanding of parents and caregivers always remain the core elements in the therapeutic process and in supporting children with autism.

By Specialist Doctor II Lam Hieu Minh, Master - Physician Nguyen Thi Ngọc — Psychological Counseling Clinic, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City.

The information above is for reference purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Please contact your doctor for detailed medical consultation.